Seed germination and emergence ecology of Monochoria vaginalis (Burm. f.) Kunth
Keywords:
Depth of burial, Flooding, Light, pH, Salinity, Semi aquatic weed, TemperatureAbstract
Monochoria vaginalis is a noxious herbaceous semi aquatic weed in the family Pontederiaceae, present in paddy fields throughout the rice growing areas of the world. A study was conducted to determine the effect of depth of burial, pH, salinity, flooding, light and temperature on germination of Monochoria vaginalis. Monochoria seeds germinated on soil surface, but not when placed below 2 cm depth. The germination was found to be higher in solutions of pH 6 and 7, but seeds did not germinate when immersed in buffered solutions of pH 4, 5, 8, and 9. Saline solutions with concentrations ranging from 25 to 250 mM NaCl inhibited the germination. Seeds kept in continuous dark condition failed to germinate irrespective of the temperature provided. Monochoria seeds germinated at a temperature of 38oC in continuous light, and in alternate light and dark condition. Seed germination in Monochoria was significantly influenced by flooding depth and duration. Greater germination was obtained when seeds were kept in saturated soil condition and low flooding depth (i.e., less than 5 cm) for more than 4 days.References
Chen, P. H. and Kuo, W. H., 1995. Germination conditions for the non-dormant seeds of Monochoria vaginalis. Taiwania, 40(4):419-432.
Chisaka, H. and Kataoka T. 1977. Physiological seed dormancy of annual lowland weeds. Weed Res., 22: 94-96.
Kataoka, T. and S. Y. Kim 1978. Emergence depth of seeds of several weeds. Weed Res., 23: 13-19.
Koarai, A. and Shibayama, H. 2001. Effects of puddling time on seasonal changes in number and depth of emergence of annual weeds in paddy fields. J. Weed Sci. Tech., 46: 5-12.
Matsuo, M. and Shibayama, H. 2000. Role of hypocotyl hairs in adhering strength and establishment of juvenile seedlings of Monochoria vaginalis to different seed beds. J. Weed Sci. Tech., 45 (3): 190-199.
Moody, K. 1989. Weeds Reported in Rice in South and South East Asia. International Rice Research Institute, Manila, 442p. Available: pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/ PNABD 500.pdf [17 Dec. 2017].
Nozoe, T., Uchino, A., Okawa, S., Yoshida, S., Kanda, Y., and Nakayama, Y. 2012. Suppressive effect of rice bran incorporation in paddy soil on germination of Monochoria vaginalis and its relationship with electric conductivity. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 58: 200-205.
Nozoe, T., Tazawa, J., Uchino, A. and Miura, S., 2018. Promotive effect of soil solution on germination of Monochoria vaginalis under paddy conditions. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 64(3):396-405.
Park, M. W., Kim, J. W., Lim, S. H., Lee, I. Y., and Kim, D. S. 2010. Prediction of seedling emergence and early growth of Monochoria vaginalis and Scirpus juncoides under elevated temperature. Kor. J. Weed Sci., 30(2)103-110.
Pons, T. L., 1982. Factors affecting weed seed germination and seedling growth in lowland rice in Indonesia. Weed Res., 22(3):155-161.
Putra, S. P. 2014. The effects of salinity and water depth on the growth, morphology, and anatomy of Eceng padi (Monochoria vaginalis (Burm.f.) Presl.). Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Gadjah Mada.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright © 2001-11 Kerala Agricultural University. Some rights reserved. This journal and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Kerala Agricultural University and the following terms and conditions apply to their use; Photocopying Single photocopies of single articles may be made for personal use as allowed by national copyright laws. Permission of the publisher and payment of a fee is required for all other photocopying including multiple or systematic copying, copying for advertising or promotional purposes, resale, and all forms of document delivery. Permission may be sought directly from the Editor, Journal of Tropical Agriculture, Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture,, Kerala Agricultural University, KAU PO, Thrissur 680 656, Kerala, India. (Phone: +91-487-2438325; Fax +91-487-2371040; E-mail: editor.jta@kau.in. Derivative works Subscribers may reproduce tables of contents or prepare lists of articles including abstracts for internal circulation within their institution. Permission of the Publisher is required for resale or distribution outside the institution. Permission of the Publisher is required for all other derivative works, including compilations and translations. Notice No responsibility is assumed by the Publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products, liability, negligence, or otherwise, or from any use of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein.