Induction of systemic resistance in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) by Pseudomonas aeruginosa against anthracnose pathogen Colletotrichum capsici
Abstract
Colletotrichum capsici Butler and Bisby, the causal agent of chilli anthracnose disease, sternly affects chilli yield and quality worldwide. Biocontrol agents and resistance inducers could be a valid alternative to chemical pesticides. The capability of two phosphate solubilizing Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates viz., Ps 2 and Ps 3 (KR270346 and KR270347) against chilli anthracnose both under in vitro and in vivo conditions was demonstrated. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Ps 2 showed maximum mycelial growth inhibition of 93.41% and the isolate Ps 3 showed 72.5% inhibition of Colletotrichum capsici in dual culture inhibition assay after 5 days of incubation. There was a greater reduction of anthracnose infection caused by C. capsici on matured fruits in Pseudomonas aeruginosa treated plants when compared to untreated control. The strain possessed chitinolytic and proteolytic activities, produced HCN, siderophores, and was able to produce salicylic acid at a moderate level. The isolate produced amylase. However both of them are unable to produce lipase. The isolates induced systemic resistance in chilli corroborated with increased levels of phenylalanine ammonia lyase, peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase under greenhouse experiments. The results indicate the potential of the indigenous Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates as biocontrol agents against chilli anthracnose.References
References
Adhikari, T.B., Joseph, C.M., Yang, G.P., Philips, D.A., and Nelson, L.M. 2001. Evaluation of bacteria isolated from rice for plant growth promotion and biological control of seedling disease of rice.Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 47:916-924.
Akram, W., Anjum, T., and Ali, B. 2015. Searching ISR determinant/s from Bacillus subtilis IAGS174 against Fusarium wilt of tomato. Biocontrology. 60 271–280. 10.1007/s10526-014-9636-1
Bagri, R.K., Choudhary, S.L., and Rai, P.K. 2004. Management of fruit rot of chilli with different plant products. Indian Phytopathology, 57.
Barhate, B. G., Bidbag, M. B., Ilhe, B. M., and Shivagaje, A. J. 2012. In vitro evaluation of fungicides and bioagents against Colletotrichum capsici using die-back of capsicum. Journal of Plant Disease Sciences, 7: 64 – 66.
Basha, S., and Ulagnathan, K. 2002. Antagonism of Bacillus species (strain BC121) toward Curvularia lunata. Current Science, 82: 1457-1463.
Beckman, C.H. 2000. Phenolic-storing cells: keys to programmed cell death and periderm formation in wilt disease resistance and in general defense responses in plants. Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology, 57:101-110.
Bloemberg, G.V., and Lugtenberg, B.J. 2001. Molecular basis of plant growth promotion and biocontrol by rhizosphere bacteria. Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 4(4):343-350.
Buysens, S., Heungens, K., Poppe, J., and Hofte, M. 1996. Involvement of pyochelin and pyoverdin in suppression of Pythium induced damping-off of tomato by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7NSK2. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 62:865-871.
Cappuccino, J.C., and Sherman, N. 1992. In: Microbiology: A laboratory Manual, New York, 125-179.
De Meyer, G., and Höfte, M. 1997. Salicylic acid produced by the rhizobacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7NSK2 induces resistance to leaf infection by Botrytis cinerea on bean. Phytopathology, 87:588-593.
Deshwal, V.K., Devi, M.S., Bhajanka, N., Mistri, J., Bose, A., and Saini, N. 2011. Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains and their role in plant growth promotion in medicinal plant. Global Journal of Applied Agricultural Research, 1: 49-55.
Dickerson, D.P., Pascholati, S.F., Hagerman, A.E., Butler, L.G., and Nicholson, R.L. 1984. Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase and hydroxyl cinnamate: CoA ligase in maize mesocotyls inoculated with Helminthosporium maydis or Helminthosporium carbonum. Physiology and Plant Pathology, 25:111–123.
Dworkin, M., and Foster, J. (1958). Experiments with some microorganisms which utilize ethane and hydrogen. Journal of Bacteriology, 75: 592-601.
Ehteshamul-Haque, S., Sultana, V., Ara, J., and Athar, M. 2007. Cultivar response against root-infecting fungi and efficacy of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in controlling soybean root rot. Plant Biosystems,141:51-55.
Fridlender, M., Inbar J., and Chet, I. (1993). Biological control of soil borne plant pathogens by a beta 1,3 glucanase producing Pseudomonas cepacia. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 25:1211–1221.
Gupta, P.P., Gupta, V., Kumar, R., Gupta, S.N., and Verma, P.K. 2002. Diseases of medicinal plants VI. In: Sinha P, Govil JN, Singh VK (Eds) Recent Progress in Medicinal Plants – Diseases and their Management, SCI Tech Publishing LLC, USA, pp 105-117
Haas, D., and Defago, G. 2005. Biological control of soil-borne pathogens by fluorescent pseudomonads. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 3:307-319.
Hahlbrock, K., and Scheel, D. 1989. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 8: 79-784.
Hamada, A.M., and Hashem, M. 2003. Thiamin and salicylic acid as biological alternatives for controlling wheat root-rot disease. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research, 1:369-385.
Hammerschmidt, R., Nuckles, E.M., and Kuc, J. 1982. Association of enhanced peroxidase activity with induced systemic resistance of cucumber to Colletotrichum lagenarium. Physiology and Plant Pathology, 20:73–82.
Hsu, Jason 1996. Multiple Comparisons Theory and Methods, Chapman & Hall/CRC: Boca Raton. Pp. 1-296.
Jayraj, J., Parthasarathi, T., and Radhakrishnan, N.V. 2007. Characterization of a Pseudomonas fluorescens strain from tomato rhizosphere and its use for integrated management of tomato damping off. Biocontrol, 52: 683-702.
Joseph, B., Patra, R.R., and Lawrence, R. 2007. Characterization of plant growth promoting Rhizobacteria associated with chickpea (Cicer arietinum L). International Journal of Plant Production, 1 (Suppl 2), 141-152.
Jung, V., Olsson, E., Caspersen, S., Asp, H., Jensen, P. and Alsanius, B.W. 2004. Response of young hydroponically grown tomato plants to phenolic acids. Scientia Horticulturae, 100: 23-37.
Kasana, R.C., Salwan, R., Dhar, H., Dutt, S. and Gulati, A. 2008. A rapid and easy method for the detection of microbial cellulases on agar plates using Gram’s iodine. Current Microbiology, 57:503-507.
Kaur, M., Sharma, O.P. and Sharma, P.N. 2006. In vitro effect of Trichoderma species on Colletotrichum capisci causing fruit rot of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.). Indian Phytopathology, 59:243-245.
Kishore, G.K., Pande, S. and Podile, A.R. 2005. Biological control of late spot of peanut (Arachis hypogae) with chitinolytic bacteria. Journal of Phytopathology, 95: 1157-1165.
Kloepper, J.W., Ryu, C.M. and Zhang, S. (2004). Induced systemic resistance and promotion of plant growth by Bacillus spp. Phytopathology, 94:1259-1266.
Lawton, M.A. and Lamb, C.J. 1987. Transcriptional activation of plant defense genes by fungal elicitor, wounding and infection. Molecular and Cellular Biology, 7: 335-341.
Lee, K.J., Kamala-Kannan, S., Sub, H.S., Seong, C.K. and Lee, G.W. 2008. Biological control of Phytophthora blight in red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) using Bacillus subtilis. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 24(7): 1139-1145.
Levy, E., Gough, F.J., Berlin, K.D., Guiana, P.W. and Smith, J.T. 1992. Inhibition of Septoria tritici and other phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria by Pseudomonas fluorescens and its antibiotics. Plant pathology, 41:335-341.
Linu, M.S., Stephen, J. and Jisha, M.S. 2009. Phosphate solubilizing Gluconacetobacter sp., Burkholderia sp. and their potential interaction with cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.). International Journal of Agricultural Research, 4:79-87.
Manibhushan Rao, K., Mohammed, Z. and Matsugama, N. 1988. Phenol metabolism and plant disease resistance. Acta Phytopath Ent Hung, 23:103–114
Mansoor, F.K., Sultana, V. and Haque, S.E. 2007. Enhancement of biocontrol of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Paecilomyces lilaceinus against root rot of mungbean by a medicinal plant Launaea nudicaulis L. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 39 (6): 2113-2119.
Manandhar, J.B., Hartman, G.L. and Wang, T.C. 1995. Anthracnose development on pepper fruits inoculated with Colletotrichum gloeosporioides . Plant Disease, 79: 380-383.
Mayer, A.M., Harel, E. and Shaul, F.S. 1965. Assay of catechol oxidase: A critical comparison of methods. Phytochemistry, 5:783-789.
Nicholson, R.L. and Hammerschmidt, R. 1992. Phenolic compounds and their role in disease resistance. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 30:369-389.
Nicholson, R.L. and Moraes, W.B.C. 1980. Survival of Colletotrihcum graminicola: importance of the spore matrix. Phytopathology, 70: 255-261.
Oh, B.J., Kim, K.D. and Kim, Y.S. 1999. Effect of cuticular wax layers of green and red pepper fruits on infection by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Journal of Phytopathology, 147:547-52.
Pakdeevaraporn, P., Wasee, S., Taylor, P.W.J. and Mongkolporn,O. 2005. Inheritance of resistance to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum capsici in Capsicum. Plant Breeding, 124: 206-208.
Pernezny, K., Roberts, P.D., Murphy, J.F. and Goldberg, N.P. 2003. Compendium of Pepper Diseases. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, Minnedota, p.73.
Pieterse, C.M.J., Van Wees, S.C.M., Ton, J., Van Pelt, J.A. and Van Loon, L.C. 2002. Signalling in rhizobacteria-induced systemic resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant Biology 4: 535-544.
Pikovskaya, R.I. 1948. Mobilization phosphorus in soil in connection with vital activity of some microbial species. Microbiologiya, 17:362-370.
Rini, C.R. and Sulochana, K.K. 2006. Management of seedling rot of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) using Trichoderma spp. and fluorescent pseudomonads (Pseudomonas fluorescens). J. Trop. Agric., 44: 79–82.
Saini, T.J., Gupta, S.G., Char, B.R., Zehr, U.B. and Anandalakshmi, R. 2016. First report of chilli anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum karstii in India. New Disease Reports, 34, 6. [http://dx.doi.org/10.5197/j.2044-0588.2016.034.006].
Schwyn, B. and Neilands, J.B. 1987. Universal chemical assay for the detection and determination of siderophores. Analytical Biochem. 160:47–56. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(87)90612-9.
Sharma, P., Kaur, N. M., Sharma, O. P., Sharma, P. and Pathania, A. 2005. Morphological, pathological and molecular variability in Colletotrichum capsici, the cause of fruit rot of chillies in the subtropical region of North- western India. J. Phytopathology. 153(4): 232-237
Shilpa, T. C. and Gokulapalan, C. 2015. .In vitro study of fungicides and biocontrol agents against Colletotrichum capsici causing anthracnose of chilli (Capsicum annuumm L.) International Journal of Applied and Pure Science and Agriculture, 1 (5): 93-98.
Siddiqui, I.A., Qureshi, S.A., Sultana, V., Ehteshamul-Haque, S. and Ghaffar, A. 2000. Biological control of root rot-root knot disease complex of tomato. Plant and soil, 227:163-169.
Siddiqui, Z. 2006. PGPR: Prospective Biocontrol Agents of Plant Pathogens. PGPR: Biocontrol and Biofertilization, 111-142.
Smith, K.L. 2000. Peppers. In: Precheur RJ, editor. Ohio Vegetable Production Guide. Columbus, Ohio: Ohio State University Extension. pp. 166–173
Sudhir, A., Pradeep, K. N. and Amrutha, V. A. 2014. Isolation, Biochemical and PGP characterization of endophytic Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from chilli red fruit antagonistic against chilli anthracnose disease. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Science, 3(2):318-329.
Suryakala, D., Maheswaridevi, P.U. and Lakshmi, K.V. 2004. Chemical characterization and in vitro antibiosis of siderophores of rhizosphere fluorescent pseudomonads. Indian Journal of Microbiology, 44:105-108.
Suthin Raj, T. and John Christopher, D. 2008. Effect of biocontrol agents and fungicides against chilli fruit rot (Colletotrichum capsici) and effect on seed quality of chilli. Green farming, 1:20-22.
Suthin Raj, T., John Christopher, D. and Usha Rani, S. (2006). Management of chilli fruit rot with different plant products. Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 34(2):274-275.
Van Huystee, R.B. 1987. Some molecular aspects of plant peroxidase biosynthetic studies. Annual Review of Plant Physiology, 38:205-219.
Van Loon, L.C. 2007. Plant responses to plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Eur J Plant Pathol., 119:243-254.
Vasanthakumari, M.M. and Shivanna, M.B. 2011. Fungal assemblages in the rhizosphere and rhizoplane of grasses of the subfamily Panicoideae in the Lakkavalli region of Karnataka. India Microbes Environ., 26 : 228–236.
Velazhahan, R. and Vidhyasekaran, P. 1999. An elicitor of the rice sheath blight pathogen Rhizoctonia solani exhibits dual function: elicitation and suppression of tissue necrotization in rice. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 34: 187-198.
Vidhyasekaran, P. 1990. Basic research on physiology of disease resistance for crop disease management. Basic research for crop disease management, 102-109.
Vidhyasekaran, P., Rubyponmalar, T., Samiyappan, R., Velazhahan, R., Vimala, R., Ramanathan, A., Paranidharan, V. and Muthukrishnan, S. 1997. Host specific toxin production by Rhizoctomia solani the rice sheath blight pathogen. Phytopathology, 87: 1258-1263.
Wissing, F. 1975. Cyanide production from glycine by a homogenate from a Pseudomonas Species. Journal of Bacteriology, 121: 695-699.
Zhang, S., Moyne, A.L., Reddy, M.S., Joseph, W. and Kloepper, J.W. 2002. The role of salicylic acid in induced systemic resistance elicited by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria against blue mold of tobacco. Biological Control, 25: 288–296.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright © 2001-11 Kerala Agricultural University. Some rights reserved. This journal and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Kerala Agricultural University and the following terms and conditions apply to their use; Photocopying Single photocopies of single articles may be made for personal use as allowed by national copyright laws. Permission of the publisher and payment of a fee is required for all other photocopying including multiple or systematic copying, copying for advertising or promotional purposes, resale, and all forms of document delivery. Permission may be sought directly from the Editor, Journal of Tropical Agriculture, Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture,, Kerala Agricultural University, KAU PO, Thrissur 680 656, Kerala, India. (Phone: +91-487-2438325; Fax +91-487-2371040; E-mail: editor.jta@kau.in. Derivative works Subscribers may reproduce tables of contents or prepare lists of articles including abstracts for internal circulation within their institution. Permission of the Publisher is required for resale or distribution outside the institution. Permission of the Publisher is required for all other derivative works, including compilations and translations. Notice No responsibility is assumed by the Publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products, liability, negligence, or otherwise, or from any use of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein.