Influence of biodegraded bark extracts of Anacardium occidentale on survival of Meloidogyne incognita infecting cabbage plants
Keywords:
Meloidogyne incognita, environmental pollution, Leucaena leucocephala, carbofuran, chromatography, tomato, pesticide residue.Abstract
Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) cause great damage to all agricultural crops; they infect all plant partsand cause reduction in yield. Synthetic nematicides have been used lately to combat the menace of PPNson farmlands. The drawbacks of synthetic nematicides gave rise to interest in alternative methods ofmanaging plant parasitic nematodes. In this regard, compounds from biodegraded as well as fresh stembark of (cashew) Anacardium occidentale were extracted, isolated and partially characterized. The crudeextracts and isolates were tested for their nematicidal activity in laboratory and field experiments. Significant(p<0.05) differences were observed in the activity of the extracts and isolates. The isolated compoundsfrom A. occidentale biodegraded stem bark extract (ANCO/BDG/CMP) exhibited higher juvenile mortalityand reduced egg hatch in the laboratory while the activity of the isolated compound from fresh bark (ANCO/FRS/CMP) extract was significantly lower. The crude extracts ANCO/FRS/CRD and ANCO/BDG/CRDhad weaker nematicidal activity. Meloidogyne incognita population was notably low after harvest in alltreated cabbage plants on the field. Spectroscopic results revealed that microbial action during biodegradationof the stem bark produced a different compound having nematicidal properties.References
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