Evaluation of Bacillus thuringiensis isolates against Diaphania indica (Saund.) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)
Keywords:
Bacillus thuringiensis, cry gene, Diaphania indica, coconut water, T3 broth, soy flour brothAbstract
A study was conducted to develop a commercial formulation of Bacillus thuringiensis and evaluate its bioefficacy for the management of pumpkin caterpillar, Diaphania indica (Saund.). Twenty native isolates of B. thuringiensis obtained from the Western Ghats of Kerala and maintained in the repository of the Department of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Horticulture, Thrissur, Kerala were characterized by morphological, biochemical and molecular tests. PCR assay for insecticidal genes revealed the presence of cry1 gene in 35 per cent of the isolates. Blastn analysis of cry1 amplicons revealed homology with cry1A, cry1Ac and cry1Aa genes, ranging from 93 to 96 per cent identity. The native isolate KAU-2189 showed highest per cent mortality against D. indica at all the spore concentrations tested. Coconut water was found to be the best low cost substrate for the mass production of B. thuringiensis and the formulation based on coconut water broth was effective in controlling D. indica in pot culture experiment, on little gourd (Coccinia indica). The shelf life of the formulations was three months.References
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