Screening at early growth stage for identification of genotypes and physiological traits for salinity tolerance in grain amaranth genotypes

Screening at early growth stage for identification of genotypes and physiological traits for salinity tolerance in grain amaranth genotypes

Authors

  • D H Ramani Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, C. P. College of Agriculture, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar-385506, Banaskantha, Gujarat, India
  • Anuj Kumar Singh Bio Science Research Centre, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar-385506, Banaskantha, Gujarat, India
  • N N Prajapati Centre for Crop Improvement, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar-385506, Banaskantha, Gujarat, India
  • Kapil Kumar Tiwari Bio Science Research Centre, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar-385506, Banaskantha, Gujarat, India
  • H S Bhadauria Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, C. P. College of Agriculture, S. D. Agricultural University, Sardarkrushinagar-385506, Banaskantha, Gujarat, India

Keywords:

Salinity, speed of germination, root shoot ratio, water content, vigour

Abstract

A prominent issue in the world’s arid and semi-arid regions is salinity stress. It severely reduces seedgermination and plant population, which results in a decreased yield. The present investigation was performedfor identification of salt tolerant genotypes and traits conferring salinity tolerance at seedling stage. Tengenotypes of grain amaranthus species were sown at electrical conductivity of 0 dS/m (control), 5 dS/m(moderate stress) and 10 dS/m (high salinity stress). When exposed to salinity stress, the genotype GA-1exhibited the highest germination percentage and speed of germination. Salt Tolerance Index (STI) at 5 dS/m electrical conductivity based on dry weight indicates that GA-1, GA-5, SUVARNA and IC-294449 hadhighest capacity to produce dry matter than other genotypes, with GA-1 maintaining maximum STI athigher salinity level. Root- shoot ratio and water status of seedling tissue were positively correlated atsalinity level of 5 dS/m (0.1691) and 10 dS/m (0.4850). Membership function value (MFV) indicates thesalinity tolerance of the genotypes i.e. higher MFV of a genotype indicates higher tolerance to salinity thanother genotypes. The root shoot ratio was shown to be positively linked with MFV in the current study. Theseedling vigour was positively correlated to MFV at 5 dS/m (0.9472) as well as at 10 dS/m (0.2172). Thecurrent study concludes that genotype GA-1 is relatively more tolerant, and traits like root-shoot ratio,seedling vigour, and seedling water content are important for selection of salinity tolerant genotype at seedlingstage.

References

Abdul-Baki, A.A., and Anderson, J.D. 1973. Vigor determination in soybean seed by multiple criteria. Crop Science, 13: 630-633.

Agapit, W., Christophe, B.G., Françoise, A.K., David, M., Ahissou, S.Z., Stanley, L., and Simplice, L.G. 2016. Salinity resistance of five amaranth (Amaranthus cruentus) cultivars at young plants stage. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 14(3):1-11.

Arora, N.K., Fatima, T., Mishra, I., Verma, M., Mishra, J., and Mishra, V. 2018. Environmental sustainability: challenges and viable solutions. Environ. Sustain., 1(4):309–340.

Azeem, A., Wu, Y., Javed, Q., Xing, D., Ullah, I., and Kumi, F., 2017. Response of okra based on electrophysiological modeling under salt stress and re-watering. Bioscience Journal, 33:1219-1229.

Belmehdi, O., Abdeltif, E. H., Benmoussi, M., Laghmouchi, Y., Skali-Senhaji, N., and Abrini, J. 2018. Effect of light, temperature, salt stress and pH on seed germination of medicinal plant Origanum elongatum (Bonnet) Emb. & Maire. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 16. 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.07.032.

Bybordi, A., and Tabatabaei, J. 2009. Effect of salinity stress on germination and seedling properties in Canola Cultivars (Brassica napus L.). Not. Bot. Horti Agrobot. Cluj-Napoca, 37:71–76.

Chaves, M.M., Flexas, J., and Pinheiro, C. 2009. Photosynthesis under drought and salt stress: Regulation mechanisms from whole plant to cell. Annals of Botany, 103:551–560.

Chen, K., and Arora, R. 2011. Dynamics of the antioxidant system during seed osmopriming, post-priming germination and seedling establishment in spinach (Spinacia oleracea). Plant Science, 180(2):212–220.

Chen, X., Min, D., Yasir, T.A. and Hu, Y.G. 2012. Evaluation of 14 morphological, yield- related and physiological traits as indicators of drought tolerance in Chinese winter bread wheat revealed by analysis of the membership function value of drought tolerance (MFVD). Field Crops Research, 137: 195–201 doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2012.09.008

Chen, X., Zhang, R., Xing, Y., Jiang, B., Li, B., Xu, X., and Zhou, Y. 2021. The efficacy of different seed priming agents for promoting sorghum germination under salt stress. PLOS ONE 16(1): e0245505.

D’Amico, S., and Schoenlechner, R. 2017. Amaranth: Its Unique Nutritional and Health-Promoting Attributes, Editor(s): John R.N. Taylor, Joseph M. Awika, In Woodhead Publishing Series in Food Science, Technology and Nutrition, Gluten-Free Ancient Grains, Woodhead Publishing, 131-159p.

Das, S. 2016. Amaranthus: A Promising Crop of Future. Springer, Singapore.

Ding, T., Yang, Z., Wei, X., Yuan, F., Yin, S., and Wang, B. 2018. Evaluation of salt-tolerant germplasm and screening of the salt-tolerance traits of sweet sorghum in the germination stage. Function of Plant Biology, 45:1073–1081.

Fernandez, G.C.J. 1992. Effective selection criteria for assessing plant stress tolerance. Proceedings of the International Symposium on “Adaptation of Vegetables and other Food Crops in Temperature and Water Stress”. Scientific research and academic publisher, 5(2): 257-270.

Ghoulam, C., Foursy, A., and Fares, K. 2002. Effects of salt stress on growth, inorganic ions and proline accumulation in relation to osmotic adjustment in five sugar beet cultivars. Environmental and Experimental Botany, 47(1): 39-50.

Harris, B.N., Sadras, V.O., and Tester, M. 2010. A water-centred framework to assess the effects of salinity on the growth and yield of wheat and barley. Plant and Soil, 336: 377–389.

Hu, D.X., Wu, D.M., You, J.C., He, Y.J., and Qian, W. 2018. Principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation on salt tolerance related traits in Brassica napus L. Bot. Res., 07:101–112.

Ibrahim, E.A. 2016. Seed priming to alleviate salinity stress in germinating seeds. Journal of Plant Physiology, 192: 38–46.

Krishnamurthy, L., Serraj, R., Hash, C.T., Dakheel, A.J., and Reddy, B.V.S. 2007. Screening sorghum genotypes for salinity tolerant biomass production. Euphytica, 156: 15–24.

Long, W.H., Pu, H.M., Zhang, J.F., Qi, C.K., and Zhang, X.K. 2013. Screening of Brassica napus for salinity tolerance at germination stage. Chi. J. Oil Crop Sci. 35, 271–275.

Machado, R.M., and Serralheiro, R.P. 2017. Soil salinity: effect on vegetable crop growth—management practices to prevent and mitigate soil salinization. Horticulturae 3(2):30.

Maguire, J.D. 1962. Speed of germination-aid selection and evaluation for seedling emergence and vigor. Crop Science, 2:176-177.

Mandal, A.K., Sharma, R.C., Singh, G., and Dagar, J.C. 2010. Computerized database on salt affected soils in India. In: Tech Bull 10, 2nd edn. Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal, Hariyana, 1-27.

Mbarki, S., Sytar, O., Cerda, A., Zivcak, M., Rastogi, A., He, X., Zoghlami, A., Abdelly, C., and Brestic, M. 2018. Strategies to mitigate the salt stress effects on photosynthetic apparatus and productivity of crop plants. In Salinity Responses and Tolerance in Plants, Volume 1: Targeting Sensory, Transport and Signaling Mechanisms; Springer International Publishing: Cham, Switzerland, 85–136p.

Migahid, M.M., Elghobashy, R.M., Bidak, L.M., and Amin, A.W. 2019. Priming of Silybum marianum (L.) gaertn seeds with H2O2 and magnetic field ameliorates seawater stress. Heliyon, 5(6): e01886.

Munns, R. 1993. Physiological processes limiting plant growth in saline soils; some dogmas and hypotheses. Plant cell environment, 16:15-24.

Munns, R. 2002. Comparative physiology of salt and water stress. Plant Cell Environ., 25:239–250.

Munns, R., and Tester, M. 2008. Mechanisms of salinity tolerance. Annual Review of Plant Biology, 59: 651–681.

Negrao, S., Schmockel, S. M., and Tester M. 2017. Evaluating physiological responses of plants to salinity stress Annals of Botany, 119: 1–11.

Omami, E.N., Hammes, P.S., and Robbertse, P.J. 2006. Differences in salinity tolerance for growth and water‐use efficiency in some amaranth (Amaranthus spp.) genotypes. New Zealand Journal Crop of Horticultural Science, 34(1):11-22.

Omer, K., Gozubenli, H., Atis, I., and Atak, M. 2017. Effects of salinity stress on emergence and seedling growth parameters of some maize genotypes (Zea mays L.). Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 5(12):1668-1672.

Puvanitha, S., and Mahendran, S. 2017. Effect of salinity on plant height, shoot and root dry weight of selected rice cultivars. Journal of agriculture and Veterinary Science, 4(4):126-133.

Rahneshan, Z., Nasibi, F., and Moghadam, A.A. 2018. Effects of salinity stress on some growth, physiological, biochemical parameters and nutrients in two pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) rootstocks. Journal of Plant Interactions, 13(1):73-82.

Rajabi Dehnavi, A., Zahedi, M., Ludwiczak, A., Cardenas Perez, S., and Piernik, A. 2020. Effect of Salinity on Seed Germination and Seedling Development of Sorghum Sorghum bicolor (L.) (Moench) Genotypes. Agronomy, 10:859.

Safdar, H., Amin, A., Shafiq, Y., Ali, A., and Yasin, R. 2019. A review: Impact of salinity on plant growth. Nat. Sci., 17:34–40.

Singh, J., Sastry, E.V., and Singh, V. 2012. Effect of salinity on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) during seed germination stage. Physiol. Mol. Biol. Plants, 18(1):45-50.

Wahid, A., Farooq, M., Basra, S.M.A., Rasul, E., and Siddique, K.H.M. 2011. Germination of seeds and propagules under salt stress, In Handbook of Plant and Crop Stress, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA, 321–337p.

Wu, H., Guo, J., Wang, C., Li, K., Zhang, X., Yang, Z., Li, M., and Wang B. 2019. An Effective Screening Method and a Reliable Screening Trait for Salt Tolerance of Brassica napus at the Germination Stage. Front. Plant Sci., 10:530.

Downloads

Published

29-02-2024

How to Cite

Ramani, D. H., Singh, A. K., Prajapati, N. N., Tiwari, K. K., & Bhadauria, H. S. (2024). Screening at early growth stage for identification of genotypes and physiological traits for salinity tolerance in grain amaranth genotypes. Journal of Tropical Agriculture, 61(2), 296–304. Retrieved from https://jtropag.kau.in/index.php/ojs2/article/view/1199

Issue

Vol. 61 No. 2 (2023)

Section

Short communications

License

Copyright © 2001-11 Kerala Agricultural University. Some rights reserved. This journal and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Kerala Agricultural University and the following terms and conditions apply to their use; Photocopying Single photocopies of single articles may be made for personal use as allowed by national copyright laws. Permission of the publisher and payment of a fee is required for all other photocopying including multiple or systematic copying, copying for advertising or promotional purposes, resale, and all forms of document delivery. Permission may be sought directly from the Editor, Journal of Tropical Agriculture, Department of Agronomy, College of Horticulture,, Kerala Agricultural University, KAU PO, Thrissur 680 656, Kerala, India. (Phone: +91-487-2438325; Fax +91-487-2371040; E-mail: editor.jta@kau.in. Derivative works Subscribers may reproduce tables of contents or prepare lists of articles including abstracts for internal circulation within their institution. Permission of the Publisher is required for resale or distribution outside the institution. Permission of the Publisher is required for all other derivative works, including compilations and translations. Notice No responsibility is assumed by the Publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products, liability, negligence, or otherwise, or from any use of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein.