Fungicide efficacy, sensitivity and resistance development in Fusarium solani causing wilt of brinjal
Abstract
Fusarium solani is a major pathogen responsible for wilt in brinjal (Solanum melongena L.), leading to significant crop losses. In this study, twenty-eight isolates of F. solani were collected from diseased brinjal roots across seven districts of Maharashtra. Fungicide sensitivity tests showed wide variation in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for carbendazim, ranging from 500 to 1600 µg/ml. Among them, isolate KFs-1 exhibited a high MIC of 1600 µg/ml for carbendazim 50% WP, while isolate SoFs-3 remained sensitive at 500 µg/ml. Morphological and molecular characterization carried out in collaboration with NFCCI confirmed that the pathogen KFs-1 showed 99.34% similarity with F. solani strain SZMC 11450 (GenBank: PZ154404). Pathogenicity was verified through Koch’s postulates. Successive passages of high-MIC isolates on carbendazim amended medium further increased resistance, particularly under continuous exposure. In contrast, alternating carbendazim with mancozeb or thiophanate-methyl and combining them with certain agrochemicals significantly suppressed fungal growth. This study focuses on fungicide resistance dynamics in F. solani and emphasizesthe need for integrated fungicidal techniques for long-term brinjal wilt management.
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